Religious Studies Resources

A Guide to E-Reference Sources, Journal Databases, and other Resources in Religion.

Introduction to Primary Sources

What are primary sources?

Primary sources are original voices that speak out of their experience. They can include eyewitness accounts, original documents, and so on. Here are some illustrations:

  • The Bible is a primary source. A commentary on a biblical book is a secondary source because it comments on the primary biblical text.
  • A piece of art is a primary source. A study that analyses that piece of art is a secondary source.
  • An eyewitness to an event is a primary source. Someone who evaluates the experience of that eyewitness is a secondary source.

Primary sources are not always reliable, but they are our best evidence of what actually happened or what was originally said. 

For primary sources related to history in general, see the History research guide.

Biblical/Archeological Primary Sources

You may find that, to access specific primary sources, the best tools are secondary sources like commentaries and other writings related to the Bible. These will identify citations to sources that you can then locate through links below. The other option is just to explore these links to determine if anything is relevant to your research task.

Ancient Near East

Old Testament

Judaism

New Testament

Church History/Theology Primary Sources

Primary sources in church history/theology include writings of theologians, from the church fathers to the present, and other documents providing first-hand accounts of historical events and movements related to the history of the church. There is overlap here between church history and theology, since history and the writings of historical theologians intersect.

Early Christian Era

Medieval Period

Reformation Era

Modern Era

Use Library OneSearch, Books  Authors to look up works by specific theologians.

World Religions - Major Original Texts

Bahá'í

Buddhism

Coptic Church

Hinduism

Islam

Jainism

Judaism

Shinto

Sikh Religion