In this assignment, you will be searching for books and book chapters. Our primary search tool is Library OneSearch, which you can use to find books and other resources in the library. You will find it on the library home page: http://www.twu.ca/library/ For the purposes of this assignment, you need to go to the library home page and choose "Books" from the various options in the main search box. This will limit your search to books initially. For a more comprehensive guide to Library OneSearch, go to http://libguides.twu.ca/LibraryOneSearch.
Library searches, whether they be for books or for articles, are never as simple as they may appear. In this book search exercise, you will start with keywords, a type of search you probably know well, but there will be options on the results page to refine what you have found in ways not possible through a Google search. In advance of doing this assignment, it is crucial that you read Research Strategies, chapters four to six, very carefully, even if you consider yourself to be a searching whiz. There is a logic to finding information in databases, and you must understand that logic if you want to be efficient in retrieval.
Keywords and Controlled Vocabularies
The most difficult concept for students is the difference between keywords and controlled vocabularies. They are not at all the same, and you need to study the differences until they become very clear to you. The textbook, chapter 5, is devoted to subject headings.
From past experience this assignment may be returned to you because the controlled vocabulary/subject heading search was done incorrectly. Please be sure you understand the concept before you submit the assignment (more information below).
The most important thing to remember is that controlled vocabularies, such as subject headings, are search terminology created by librarians. You can't create your own subject headings or even revise existing headings. You have to take them as given. Keywords, on the other hand, are created by you. You have the power to shape them any way you want. Keywords are words found in titles, etc. Subject headings tell you what a book or article is actually about. They are a way of pulling together everything on a subject regardless of what words are used in titles.
With keyword searching, consistently the biggest problem I see is that searchers start with too MUCH terminology. I recommend that you start with two or three search words. If that produces too much material, then add a word or two. Simplicity generally wins over complexity in keyword searching. Remember that, for an AND search, every word you add eliminates results from your list. Some of those results might potentially be useful. Keep searching simple unless lack of sufficiently narrow results calls for more complexity.
Finding Subject Headings
Library OneSearch (access from the main search box on the library home page) starts with keyword searching, but it has a robust subject heading system as well. Note the difference: Keywords are words found in titles, etc. Subject headings don't depend on words in titles. Instead, they are descriptors that tell you what a work is actually about. (More information at http://libguides.twu.ca/LibraryOneSearch)
There are actually two ways to identify subject headings in OneSearch. This presentation describes both of them:
The most common way is to use the subject links in the column to the left of your results. Consider this sequence (below):
1. Initial search box - Use the Books tab, search on "Historical Jesus." In this case we have set the dropdown box to Keyword. You can also set it to Title to search on words in book titles, thus narrowing your focus.
2. Have a look at your results
At this point, you may think you are done, but 254 results is a lot. Some will be highly relevant, but some will not.
3. Limit by subject heading (found in the column to the left of your results) to reduce result numbers and improve relevance: Jesus Christ--Historicity. Jesus Christ--Historicity is a subject heading rather than terminology found in a book title. It is formatted to gather everything on the historical Jesus into one search.
4. You now have 66 highly relevant results
If you searched just on that subject heading, you would find book titles on the topic that didn't even use the term "historical Jesus" in their titles. But note that clicking on a link like the one below will bring up both books and articles, so you will have to limit to Library Books and Media from the link to the left of your search results:
5. Click on a title in your results and then find the Cite link to the right to create a Chicago (=Turabian) Notes & Bibliography citation:
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For more information on using Library OneSearch, see the tutorial at http://libguides.twu.ca/LibraryOneSearch.
Bibliographic Managers - EndNote Web
Bibliographic managers enable you to collect citations to various resources (books, articles, etc.), put them in folders, and generate bibliographies in various formats. They are a bit complex to learn, but they can be a valuable source through your student career and beyond.
EndNote Web (http://www.myendnoteweb.com) is free (though you need to sign up for an individual account), and you can keep it as long as you want. I recommend that you start using it to formulate citations. You will find a set of tutorials to help you get started at http://libguides.twu.ca/EndNote/.
Creating Formatted Citations without a Bibliographic Manager.
If you find that EndNote Web is simply too complex for you, it's best if you do not use it for these assignments.
Books in Library OneSearch have a cite function to create formatted citations. Either click on a title and then see "Cite" on the right, or save some results (as illustrated above) and create formatted citations.
Alternatively, you can create book citations using WorldCat (http://www.worldcat.org.) Click on the quotation mark on an item you have found:
A useful alternative is Citation Machine (http://www.citationmachine.net/). Formats are listed near the top of the screen. For most uses, "Chicago" is the same as Turabian.
Another tool which can help you format book and article citations is KnightCite (https://www.calvin.edu/library/knightcite/). You will have to select Books from the left, then enter the required information.
Note that computer-generated citations can have serious challenges. Here is an example of things you may need to revise:
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Computer citation: Turabian: Le Donne, Anthony. Historical Jesus : What Can We Know and How Can We Know It? William B. Eerdmans Pub., 2011. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat05965a&AN=alc.232672&site=eds-live&scope=site. The errors: Le Donne, Anthony. Historical Jesus: What Can We Know and How Can We Know it? Place of Publication is sometimes missing: William B. Eerdmans Pub., 2011. What it should look like: Le Donne, Anthony. Historical Jesus: What Can We Know and How Can We Know it? Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Pub., 2011 |
For a good guide to Turabian formats use:
https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/turabian/turabian-notes-and-bibliography-citation-quick-guide.html. Use this guide to "fix" your computer-generated citations.
Note that there are TWO Turabian formats, Author-Date and Humanities (sometimes called Notes & Bibliography) format. The two formats are different in several ways. ACTS uses the Humanities format, which calls for footnotes or endnotes rather than short, in-text references. The Turabian site linked above uses the Humanities format.
[Click on the file link above to download a template in rich text format (works in most word processors). It will form an outline so you can insert your answers under each heading. You can then submit the complete document to Prof. Badke by e-mail attachment].
1. Read Research Strategies, Chapters 4-6
2. View the following Ted Talk by Julia Galef:
a. What is a solider mindset? What is a scout mindset?
b. Write a paragraph or two stating what you thought of her presentation in light of today's tendency to confirmation bias, polarization, and de-emphasis on the value of evidence.
3. State your research question.
4. Go to the main search box on the library home page to begin your searching.
Based on your research question, start with a Books search, choosing the "Keyword" or "Title" option, to identify books relevant to your research question:
The Books tab searches both print books and e-books. If you want only one type (e.g. e-books), use the limiter in the column to the left of your results.
Indicate what search words or word combinations you tried (e.g. Homeless* AND Philadelphia). If your first search doesn't work, use lateral thinking to find other ways that title words could be used to produce relevant results, but avoid multiplying the various search combinations you use. Instead, use critical thinking to come up with a few narrow and highly relevant terms. Note that the truncation symbol for Library OneSearch is *.
Be sure to indicate what successful Keyword combinations you used. List each search you did on a separate line:
Kingdom Luke
Kingdom Gospel Luke
Record what search terms you used, because you will need them again for the next part of the search.
3. Make a list of ten books or book chapters relevant to your research question in alphabetical order by author. Include author, title, place of publication, publisher and date, and use the Chicago/Turabian: Humanities 7th ed. format. You MUST list all books in this assignment in Turabian humanities format. For information on ways to do this, see the backgrounder above. Remember that there are two Turabian formats. You want Chicago/Turabian: Humanities format rather than Chicago/Turabian: Author-Date format.
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For Turabian, these examples will explain the differences between the two Turabian formats. Use the second format, not the first:
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Put an asterisk next to the most highly relevant titles. These ones will be helpful in guiding you to the correct subject headings to use for the next part of this assignment.
Be sure that your bibliographies are in alphabetical order by author. Don't number bibliographies. If you want to make them hanging (normal format in which second and following lines are indented), do this:
Select the whole bibliography 
Right click Paragraph Special Hanging OK.
4. Based on your question, redo the searches you did in Part Two. This time, narrow your results by subject heading. Please be aware that some students get their assignments returned because they did not understand subject heading searching. Make sure that you have grasped the concept.
| Instructions: To see how to narrow by subject headings, go to http://libguides.twu.ca/LibraryOneSearch/Limiters and view the section entitled: Types of Limiters Available. All subject headings are in the column to the left of your results. If you don't find a subject heading you want, click on the Show More link below the subject heading list. Be sure to indicate what subject headings you used, listing each on a separate line. Be sure they are actual subject headings rather than your own created keywords. |
Make a list of ten books relevant to your research question found using subject heading limiters. Include author, title, place of publication, publisher and date and use Turabian Humanities (not Turabian Author-Date). The list needs to be in alphabetical order by author. (Your list can include book titles that are the same as those found in your initial search from the main search box, if you wish, though the two lists might be quite different)
| Note that, with subject searches, success depends on how many results you had before you narrowed by subject. For example, if you have 700+ results, narrowing by subject should be relatively easy. If you have only 25 results, there will be fewer subject headings available, and they will lead you to fewer actual results. Here's how to address this problem, if you encounter it. Either: i. Search more broadly. Note that books tend to be broad. Instead of searching on Climate change AND Arctic AND silver foxes, search on Climate change Arctic. This will get you a larger number of initial results. ii. If you can't search more broadly and you have few initial results, use the subject headings anyway, even if this produces only 2 or 3 results. Show the subject headings you used, list the results, and explain that there are few because you didn't have many initial results. |
5. Comment on which search (subject heading or keyword title) was most profitable, and on how much overlap there was in results found by each search (i.e. how many results were the same).
Land Acknowledgement
Trinity Western University's Langley campus is located on the traditional, ancestral, unceded territory of the Stó:lō people. We are grateful for the opportunity to live, work, and learn on this land.
Chicago/Turabian: Author-Date format: 
Use this: Chicago/Turabian: Humanities format: 
